New Venture and Strategic Thinking - 1628 Words

INTRODUCTION â€Å"A new venture is a company established to commercialize the technology or innovation that was created†(http://www.ipadvocate.org/assistance/terms/index.cfm#N, 2012). In this is case, six individuals created a vibrant group that worked together as an entrepreneur and focused on the formation and the success of the new organization named, ‘RR Financials’. The computer software business started with a bank balance of  £10000. It endured a rough start but eventually started making sufficient sales and profits. At the end of the first year, it made a net profit of ( £382) with a bank balance of  £7,607. In the last month of the second year the business obtained a net profit of ( £662) but a greater bank balance of  £19,373. We also†¦show more content†¦In May 2014 we went bankrupt with a closing balance of ( £4,764) which went down to ( £14,355) in June 2014. We then applied for a loan from friends and family and received  £3,000 at an interest rate of 6%. We changed our supplier to source line as we thought it would benefit us better with its terms. We also had to contract out a few of the products for a few months and therefore decided to go full-time with the help of our loan and first relocated to a 250sq.ft Business center costing us  £313 per month. Then by increasing the entrepreneur’s salary to 1000 we went fulltime in October 2014. By then our bank balance had bounced back up because of the increase in sales from the different distributers and we ended the year with a net profit of ( £662) and a closing bank balance of  £19,373. YEAR THREE Our business ran extremely well this year as we realized previous errors and tried to correct them. We first changed our credit control strategies and reinforced action to be taken. Then we accepted another distributer contract with ‘Rad’, which provided us with almost double the amount of orders. We increased the entrepreneur’s salary for better satisfaction. We realized the importance of obtaining finance. Till now we were relying on personal Finance so now we decided to start looking for investors and succeeded in finding one. With more money flowing into the business we decided to spread further awareness and weShow MoreRelatedEntrepreneurial Skills and the Entrepreneurial Instinct 1387 Words   |  6 Pagesattempts to define those characteristics and skills that enable entrepreneurs to realise the business potential in their ideas. In addition it explores the difficulties entrepreneurs may come up against along the way towards having a successful business ve nture. Meredith et al. (1991) describes an entrepreneur as someone who has the ability to see and evaluate business opportunities, gather resources to take advantage of them and undertake the necessary actions to ensure success. 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The prevailing philosophy was that without full control, the company didn’t do the deal. However, times have changed. Since the early 2000s joint ventures have become one of the most powerful strategic tools in GE’sRead MoreEntrepreneurship Is The Process Of Discovering New Ways Of Combining Resources1035 Words   |  5 PagesEntrepreneurship is the process of discovering new ways of combining resources. To start a business offering a product, process or service, various entrepreneurial skills and business models are required for smooth functioning, but the most important aspect it to have an entrepreneurial mindset. This is drawn from opportunities, innovation and new value creation. Entrepreneurship is a practic e of learning and exploring the world by being visionary, opportunistic and creative. Entrepreneurial Mindset

No Child Left Behind Thesis Essay - 8348 Words

No Child Left Behind 1 Running head: NO CHILD LEFT BEHIND The Impact of the No Child Left Behind Act on the K-8 Setting Kara Robertson A Senior Thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for graduation in the Honors Program Liberty University Fall 2009 No Child Left Behind 2 Acceptance of Senior Honors Thesis This Senior Honors Thesis is accepted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for graduation from the Honors Program of Liberty University. ______________________________ Shantà © Moore-Austin, Ph.D. Thesis Chair ______________________________ Janice DeLong, M.Ed. Committee Member ______________________________ Connie McDonald, Ph.D. Committee Member†¦show more content†¦In her article â€Å"Time to Kill ‘No Child Left Behind’,† Diane Ravitch (2009) explains the consequences if the NCLB requirements are not met: Schools that do not make progress toward the goal of 100% proficiency for every group are subject to increasingly, stringent sanctions. In their second year of failing to make â€Å"adequate yearly progress† for any group, failing schools have their students given the choice of leaving to enroll in a better public school. In the third year of a school’s failure, students are entitled to free tutoring after school. In the subsequent years, the failing school may be converted to private management, turned into a charter school, have its entire staff dismissed, or be handed over to the state. (p. 5) The federal government is not taking NCLB lightly. It is serious about each of these consequences and is ready to bring them upon any school that does not make adequate yearly progress. With the increased efforts being made to meet AYP, educators are feeling the pressure and they are becoming very stressed about their jobs. An article by Alvin Granowsky (2008), explains that â€Å"schools that have low scores and/or do not show needed improvements in test results, receive negative labels, such as unacceptable, and their teachers and administrators threatened with loss of jobs† (p. 1). Unfortunately, this No Child Left Behind 6 causes teachers to be afraid that if their schoolsShow MoreRelatedArgumentive Outline Essay650 Words   |  3 PagesArgumentative Essay Outline Thesis: President Obama is trying to convince the United States that was a whole we set each other apart as a nation. He tries to point out different issues in American and explains new ideas to make the United States better as a strong government. A. 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What personally connects you to this topic? – I took four years of Spanish in high school

Initiation Essay Example For Students

Initiation Essay Initiation Essay?An initiation story may be said to show its young protagonist experiencing a significant change of knowledge about the world or himself and this change must point or lead him toward an adult world?. In this essay I will be characterizing and evaluating each of the major protagonist in the following short stories. The first is Sammy of the famous short story ?AP?. The second protagonist is Mama from the sad ?Everyday Use?. Finally Jackie the crazy kid from ?First Confession? is my last protagonist. Sammy is a 19-year-old teenager who is from a small town near the ocean. He works at a grocery store as a cashier and three young ladies walk in wearing bathing suits and nothing else but their pride. He could not remember his name to save his life, let alone check ones groceries correctly. His emotions are on high and he is checking out the ladies left and right just like a teenager would and he stares not caring how it makes the women feel. He passes judgment on how the l ook and act during the whole time they are shopping; yet he has never met them. Keep in mind all of this is going on in his head for no one else can hear. Then he spots the store manager out of the corner of his eye and he turns sour because he knows he will do his best to kick the ladies out and ruin his fun. The store manager makes a big ordeal out of the situation and embarrasses them in front of the whole store. That very instant he knows the manager was wrong and does the righteous thing and quits. Sammy tells off his boss and walks out hopping maybe the women are still waiting on him. ?Mama? is about forty or fifty and a mother of two Dee and Maggie. Mama is ?in real life I am a large, big-boned women with rough, man-working hands?. She loves Dee when she was a child the most and was considered her favorite. She loves Maggie too but Dee was the smart one so with some help from the church they raised some money to send her to college. Maggie stayed with mama and learned her way of life. Dee came home with a boy friend and tells mama that her name is no longer Dee. Mama takes this as an insult and gets up set thinks she is trying to forget her heritage. Dee, as if that isnt enough she starts to ask for antiques not because of the memories but because they were in style. Mama at this point was very angry but she handles the situation very well by not getting violent. She grabs Maggie kisses her and realizes how special she is. Jackies grandfather died and his grandmother has to live with them now. She is a big old country women drinks like a fish and walks in bare feet, he hates her. He has a sister that torments him all day long; I dont blame him for getting violent with a butter knife. He thinks the whole world is out to get him. Ryan an old lady they pass on the street prepares him for his first confession. The only thing she ever talks about is hell, people burning furniture with their hands and putting one finger over a flame for five minutes. He goes to his confession not with his mom but with his evil sister. When he gets into the confessional both he does not know where to look so he starts to climb until someone answers. The father answer and is upset because he climbing around. Jackie adjusts and falls into the aisle and gets embarrassed. He ends up confessing all and finds out that this guy is the most interesting person he has meet and the experience wasnt as painful as everyone made it out to be. .u309259a76050fd1b21286e68645f03f8 , .u309259a76050fd1b21286e68645f03f8 .postImageUrl , .u309259a76050fd1b21286e68645f03f8 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u309259a76050fd1b21286e68645f03f8 , .u309259a76050fd1b21286e68645f03f8:hover , .u309259a76050fd1b21286e68645f03f8:visited , .u309259a76050fd1b21286e68645f03f8:active { border:0!important; } .u309259a76050fd1b21286e68645f03f8 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u309259a76050fd1b21286e68645f03f8 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u309259a76050fd1b21286e68645f03f8:active , .u309259a76050fd1b21286e68645f03f8:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u309259a76050fd1b21286e68645f03f8 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u309259a76050fd1b21286e68645f03f8 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u309259a76050fd1b21286e68645f03f8 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u309259a76050fd1b21286e68645f03f8 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u309259a76050fd1b21286e68645f03f8:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u309259a76050fd1b21286e68645f03f8 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u309259a76050fd1b21286e68645f03f8 .u309259a76050fd1b21286e68645f03f8-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u309259a76050fd1b21286e68645f03f8:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Reflection Statement EssayIn conclusion, each one of the protagonists had some from of transformation in their life. For Sammy it was the manager embarrassing the women, mama it was Dees desirer to forget her past and Jackies was his first confession. Who controls the past controls the future. Who controls the present controls the past. George Orwell

Information Security Management Wireless Communication

Question: Discuss about the Information Security ManagementforWireless Communication. Answer: Introduction This study discusses the implementation of wireless communication policy at 3F or Farmers to Farmers, a cooperative crop society for Queenslands farmers, and some assumptions are made to facilitate the study further. The responsibility of the communication network will be borne by 3F for providing a reliable and secure service. ITS or Information Technology Services will be responsible for providing services within the scope of this policy. An overseeing committee needs to be formed who will oversee both ITS and 3F and maintain their policies and rules under a standard set of frameworks and goals. Few Assumptions made are: ITS team will specify the hardware, software and networking configuration that needs to be done. Senior and experienced IT members of 3F will collaborate with ITS team for administration and system management. Overseeing committee will have members from both ITS and 3F and will be overseeing policy framework, regulations and making major decisions. For security and encryption, one or more than one VPN method will be adopted Policies and guidelines framed around the system and can be changed by the situation. 3F and related subdivisions of it will follow the corresponding instructions. Statement of Purpose The goal of this study is to develop a framework policy and assigning responsibilities for implementing Wireless Communications Policies to support both administrative and agricultural applications for use in 3F. This policy will underline the administration, support system and deployment of wireless technologies at 3F. It addresses the authorized and prohibited usage of wireless communication system, managing systems, rules regarding violation of policies, required policy modification and review, limitations in the case of liability, and justifications given for the system (Bowker, 2012). Guidelines and Policies are Essential for Deployment of this System to: Prevent unauthorized usage of the wireless spectrum and interference with other wireless networks (Bernard et al., 2015). Securing the wireless network system To make sure that a baseline level of connection quality is maintained on the system for users remote and local (Dhawan et al., 2012). Authorized Uses Frequencies 3F is the sole owner of the unlicensed frequencies on Queensland's farmer homes, to safeguard the resources, ensure quality service and to prevent interference. Security - To maintain integrity and security of the network, it would require proper authorization, so only authorized users and devices can access the network. Wireless devices that will be used in this network needs to maintain specific standards to ensure only authorized devices access the network and the organizations resources, and intrusion can build within. Devices need to be checked monthly for any setup or configuration problems (Kuchibhotla, Braun, and Raghavan, 2012). Experienced members of the ITS team and 3F team can collaborate on the administration part and can make suggest changes to the system if and when necessary. Prohibited Uses The policy needs to state clearly that any employees or personnel involved with 3F must not divulge any confidential information like username or passwords to unauthorized persons. As stated by Ward (2013), the company must define rules that would prevent the users involved indulging in unauthorized practices like, using the wireless communication for making personal calls or sending obscene or harassing messages or email. Physical theft, system modification, or damage to any types of equipment or facilities must be avoided at any cost or else will be reported to the police. Individuals should stay away from any testing, finding bugs or exploiting the system of any kind that can circumvent or degrade the overall security and integrity of the system (Monte, 2015). Loud behavior or any entertainment taking precedence over the work is also prohibited. All official messaging and communications need to be done and not outside the system; contacting clients through personal communication m eans is a strict no. Creating secondary networks using routers, bridges, and wireless access points without authorization is prohibited. Plugging external storage media like external hard disks, pen drives, tampering data packets, using redundant data is also forbidden (Pfleeger, 2012). Users operating the system will be solely responsible for maintaining and operating the system. Systems Management One of the primary goals of 3F is to communicate securely with farmers and clients and a proper system needs to be in place. Cryptographic encryption also called hard security enables data integrity, data confidentiality, node authentication and access control for messages that are transmitted. Currently, Trust and Reputation Management or TRM is used to counter soft security threats and can be used in the system for routing related problems (Mishra, Singh, and Gupta, 2015). Communication links need to be secure but wireless network can be different and end-to-end protection depends on the user. Therefore link encryption is not always reliable (Raza, Wallgren and Voigt, 2013). Some options exist to secure wireless communication, which is independent of access method or device type. They are: Ssl Vpns As opined by Goodwin III, Jain and Natarajan (2013), e-commerce transactions use SSL for secure transactions between servers and web browsers. The same protocol is followed by SSL VPN gateways. Any device can adopt this method which supports a web-browser. SSL VPNs secure wireless network communication devices including PDAs, desktops and laptops, and smart phones including Blackberry. Both ITS and 3F team can use this VPN method or between stationary devices (Agarwal, Thakur and Gavini, 2014). Mobile Vpns As stated by Alshalan, Pisharody and Huang (2016), Mobile VPNs solves the problem of roaming while doing inter-networking. It employs some proprietary protocols Mobile IP to UDP. It provides secured tunnel encryption for the mobile data and is independent of location and connectivity. It even sends messages outside the wireless coverage and the message is kept asleep until it is sent again. This is especially for often switching between 3G/4G connections without any disruption. It requires supported operating system and a client software installed. Farmers who are working in farms, remote client, who are connected to the 3F network can use this VPN method (Eichen et al., 2016) Ipsec Vpns According to Lakbabi, Orhanou and El Hajji (2012), it is a more common secured method of tunneling encrypted traffic between a corporate VPN network gateway and a mobile device. Most enterprises have at least an embedded IPsec VPN client and most laptops and smartphones have it built-within too. It is, however, expensive for an organization with a large workforce using a variety of devices. It can be disruptive if mobiles devices change networks frequently and are therefore used frequently in IT services where devices are stationary. 3F can employ this to lower costs for operating within the system (Wang, Liang and Yu, 2013). Violations of Policy As stated by Nurse et al. (2015), with the increased usage of smartphones, tablets, and other computing devices, wireless communication is essential than ever before. It has also opened the door to various online threats and privacy issues which lead to stricter policies and violations of them would result in severe consequences. ITS team will verify compliance to the different policies via various methods like, video monitoring, external and internal audits; providing feedback to the policy owner, business tool reports, and periodic walkthroughs. ITS will check in case of any exceptions. In case the termination is due to performance the employee is typically given a 90 days service period notice (Harcourt, Hannay and Lam, 2013). If any employee violates any of this policy, the person can be subjected to disciplinary action, including termination of duty. It must be noted though that all staff are made aware of company policies beforehand and are best when they are conveyed through a handbook or in training (Getz and Page, 2016). The disciplinary action can vary depending on the rules violation. Firing without notice can be done to an employee who is guilty of embezzlement, and during the investigation, the person can be suspended. The company must cut off any access to company resources for the employer especially if the information is sensitive. For incidents like stealing or lying to a customer, instead of immediate firing the company can investigate the situation and the company can either bring a layer or cover up the damage (Blake, 2013). Policy Review and Modification The purpose of this policy is to protect and secure the information assets owned by 3F, as it provides the computer networks, devices and other electronic information systems to meet initiatives, missions and goals. Overseeing Committee, 3F, and ITS have full privilege to the resources and needs to maintain them responsibly with integrity, confidentiality, and availability of given information assets. Only those wireless devices that meet the specified standards are eligible to operate on the 3F network and devices with exceptions set by the ITS team will be allowed in the system. All employees, faculty, temporary workers, consultants and other workers at 3F, including all personnel affiliated with third parties working on behalf of 3F to maintain the wireless infrastructure system falls under the adherence of this policy. This policy is also applicable to other wireless infrastructure devices including smart and cellular phones, laptops, desktops and tablets, any devices that receiv e connectivity on endpoint devices, sending or receiving data wirelessly (Castro, Pistoia and Ponzo, 2014). All wireless devices connected to the 3F network will have access to confidential data stored on this network and must abide by the standards specified by the Wireless Communication Standard. ITS team will install, support and maintain the devices. The devices will follow the 3F approved authentication infrastructure and protocol. The devices need to have a MAC address or hardware address which needs to be registered for tracking (Leake and Pike, 2014). There must not be any interference with wireless access deployments maintained by other support organizations. Limitations of Liability The overseeing committee will be responsible for creating, maintaining and updating wireless communication network security policies and wireless communications policy standards (Roy and Manoj, 2016). Other responsibilities include recruiting new designee for a particular technology and resolving communication issues in case of any political troubles. ITS will handle all access points and wireless network registrations. Surveying and deploying wireless communication systems in agricultural lands and adjacent farmer houses. It will provide support to the employees of 3F for management, development, and development of wireless communication networks. To prevent unauthorized access to this network, it will monitor security and performance of the wireless networks installed in various places and maintaining statistics of the system (Butun, Morgera and Sankar, 2014). Other tasks include wireless network technology enhancement evaluation, wireless network technologies incorporation and development. It will also share some common tasks with overseeing committee and of 3F. 3F will be tasked with maintaining a database of user details using the network. It would include name, contact number, email id, device and device id, planned placement and coverage areas, among others. It will also undertake registration of software, access point hardware, software, and deployment. The data will be provided to the overseeing committee and ITS. By its policy proper, it will manage access points and security within the department. Justification Hacking is commonplace now in online business, and everything is going digital, but it has only led to more strict measures and safety policies to be followed at workplaces. Working with 3F, the farmers have already created a revolution of sorts where they gain access to data in real-time but remote communication posed a problem. Digital Wireless Communication solves this issue with its use of various VPNs each with its own merits and demerits. Mobile VPNs can be adopted by the firm for remote mobile connection without being disturbed by the unreliable nature and types of networks. IPsec is more commonplace and can be used for connecting with clients or customers. SSL VPN can be employed within the 3F network for its IT team to work and operate. With the variety of wireless devices and growing business, intrusion and sniffing attacks can take place which can compromise data security and data corruption, and violation of privacy with clients. It is for this reason different policies a re enforced with separate mention of prohibitory and authorized uses. Users violating the policies will face disciplinary action including termination of their service or face jail in case of severe crime. References Agarwal, P., Thakur, R.N. and Gavini, A.K., Citrix Systems, Inc., 2014.Policy driven fine grain URL encoding mechanism for SSL VPN clientless access. U.S. Patent 8,646,067. Alshalan, A., Pisharody, S. and Huang, D., 2016. A Survey of Mobile VPN Technologies.IEEE Communications Surveys Tutorials,18(2), pp.1177-1196. Bernard, J.Y., Hart, G.M. and O'leary, E.A., Rogers Communications Inc., 2015.Detection of cable network interference on wireless network. U.S. Patent 9,167,460. Blake, W.F., 2013.A Manual of Private Investigation Techniques: Developing Sophisticated Investigative and Business Skills to Meet Modern Challenges. Charles C Thomas Publisher. Bowker, A., 2012.The Cybercrime Handbook for Community Corrections: Managing Offender Risk in the 21st Century. Charles C Thomas Publisher. Butun, I., Morgera, S.D. and Sankar, R., 2014. A survey of intrusion detection systems in wireless sensor networks.IEEE Communications Surveys Tutorials,16(1), pp.266-282. Castro, P.C., Pistoia, M. and Ponzo, J., International Business Machines Corporation, 2014.Omnichannel approach to application sharing across different devices. U.S. Patent Application 14/181,770. Dhawan, M., Samuel, J., Teixeira, R., Kreibich, C., Allman, M., Weaver, N. and Paxson, V., 2012, November. Fathom: A browser-based network measurement platform. InProceedings of the 2012 ACM conference on Internet measurement conference(pp. 73-86). ACM. Eichen, E.G., Javaregowda, G., Goodman, L.N. and Flynn, J., Verizon Patent and Licensing Inc., 2016.Mobile phone docking station VPNs. U.S. Patent 9,338,093. Getz, D. and Page, S.J., 2016.Event studies: Theory, research and policy for planned events. Routledge. Goodwin III, J.S., Jain, A. and Natarajan, R., F5 Networks, Inc., 2013.Intelligent HTTP based load-balancing, persistence, and application traffic management of SSL VPN tunnels. U.S. Patent 8,566,452. Harcourt, M., Hannay, M. and Lam, H., 2013. Distributive justice, employment-at-will and just-cause dismissal.Journal of business ethics,115(2), pp.311-325. Kuchibhotla, S., Braun, F. and Raghavan, V.V., 2012. Pensource-Evaluating Information Security in a Software Services Company.Journal of Information Technology Case and Application Research,14(2), pp.47-73. Lakbabi, A., Orhanou, G. and El Hajji, S., 2012, December. VPN IPSEC SSL technology Security and management point of view. In2012 Next Generation Networks and Services (NGNS)(pp. 202-208). IEEE. Leake, E.N. and Pike, G., Vmware, Inc., 2014.Taint tracking mechanism for computer security. U.S. Patent 8,875,288. Mishra, S., Singh, A. and Gupta, S., 2015. Survey of Trust and Reputation Models in Wireless Sensor Networks.Invertis Journal of Science Technology,8(4), pp.209-215. Monte, M., 2015.Network Attacks and Exploitation: A Framework. John Wiley Sons. Nurse, J.R., Erola, A., Agrafiotis, I., Goldsmith, M. and Creese, S., 2015, September. Smart Insiders: Exploring the Threat from Insiders using the Internet-of-Things. In2015 International Workshop on Secure Internet of Things (SIoT)(pp. 5-14). IEEE. Pfleeger, C.P. and Pfleeger, S.L., 2012.Analyzing computer security: A threat/vulnerability/countermeasure approach. Prentice Hall Professional. Raza, S., Wallgren, L. and Voigt, T., 2013. SVELTE: Real-time intrusion detection in the Internet of Things.Ad hoc networks,11(8), pp.2661-2674. Roy, S. and Manoj, B.S., 2016. IoT Enablers and Their Security and Privacy Issues. InInternet of Things (IoT) in 5G Mobile Technologies(pp. 449-482). Springer International Publishing. WANG, J., LIANG, L.F. and YU, W.H., 2013. Design of trusted authentication enabled mobile IPSec VPN system [J].Computer and Engineering and Design,34(7), pp.2343-2352. Ward, B., 2013. Threats Evolve. Principles Endure.

Romanticism in Music free essay sample

Definition, major composers works from 1820 to 1890, compared to classicism, styles forms, innovations, orchestration, opera. Beethoven moved away from such restrictions and conventions of Classicism and some of his symphonies were large, sometimes as big as the size of an epic. But the emotional depth that they contained was truly matchless. Beethovens Second Symphony has been described as full of summer air and summer flowers. The third Symphony and probably his favorite were initially dedicated to Napoleon, the French ruler, as Beethoven left that he could free Europe from the monarchy marks the beginning of the middle-period work. Romanticism in Music free essay sample Romanticism was an artistic movement that took place from the nineteenth to the early twentieth century. Drastic changes in the arts took place over the course of this time period. During this movement, much emphasis was placed on emotion and imagination in the arts. Prior to the Romantic Period, music had been seen more as recreation and enjoyment than as an integral part of culture. The term Romanticism was first used in England and Germany in reference to a form of literature. It soon after spread to music and the visual arts. Romanticism was largely a product of two Important revolutions In Europe.The new society that came about after the French Revolution emphasized the importance of the individual. This brought great changes in influences and ideas regarding music. It encouraged uniqueness and originality in art. Also, with the Industrial Revolution, music was more accessible by the public. Music changed from being a form of entertainment experienced solely In palaces and churches, to an art, witnessed and performed by the masses. We will write a custom essay sample on Romanticism in Music or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Public concert halls were built, new instruments such as the tuba and saxophone were invented, and professional orchestras came into existence.In conjunction with this greater publicity that music began to receive during this time, there was also a technical advancement in the music. The Industrial Revolution brought about new technological improvements in instruments, like valves on brass instruments. Also, new music conservatories were established In all major clues. These two things helped to Increase the skill level of the musicians of the period. Composers were now writing music that previously would have been unplayable. There are three fundamental ideas of Romanticism in art. First, romantic art should be universal. It should cross the boundaries between genres.Second, it should be progressive. It should always be evolving and seemingly incomplete. It should be in a constant state of becoming. Finally, romantic art should be reflective. It should represent a train of thought, and reflect on Itself. Romantic author and philosopher Novelist commented on his Idea of the Importance of the reflective quality of absolute music (textiles music), saying Absolute music is the most important art, because it is self-referential. Absolute music refers to nothing but itself. Carl Dahlias, one of the great thinkers of the Romantic Period believed thatRomanticism brought together three key characteristics. The first of which is exoticism, meaning an Interest In anything that Is not familiar. Some commonly used examples of this in the romantic arts were influence from the Far East, and mythology. A specific occurrence of this was German philosopher Frederica Nietzsche idea that music came from the God Apollo and the Goddess Dionysus. A second characteristic is folklorist, meaning drawing from folkloric music. Third and finally, romanticism exhibits historicism, meaning that it commonly shows interest In artists of the past, and In the re-creation of their works.The music of the famous Romantic Period. Dahlias believed that by these three characteristics, the former Classical style was being abandoned. There are several fundamental ideas of Romanticism about music in particular that still exist as well-known musical concepts today. The concept of inspiration in music came about during this time period. The idea of a gesture of apotheosis, meaning a triumphant ending or finale, also was first commonly used at this time. Two new notions about musicians were created. The first is the idea of the suffering musician as an outcast, differing from the bourgeoisie.The second notion, quite contrary to the first, is the idea of musicians as celebrities. Another idea that started around this time is the idea that absolute music can be educational, and as such, comparable to literature. Other new concepts created during the Romantic Period ere: music as a language, music as a kind of religion, music as posing a problem and the process of its resolution, the idea of a theme as a group of ideas and no longer simply a four or eight bar melody, and the idea that music has to be somehow Interpreted and understood.This idea of interpretation and understanding of music Nas demonstrated in program music. This was a type of music for which the composer would have prepared an explanation to help the audience understand the meaning. There is no text in the song, but there is a note, or program, to help explain. Reese programs were a way for composers to connect their music to art, politics, or other aspects of the world around them. An important difference between the Romantic Period and the Classical Period Inch preceded it is the motivation and direction of the art.The spirit of the Classical Period sought order, while that of the Romantic Period sought wonder and strangeness. With Romantic music, the melody was marked by lyricism, and the music was more emotional and expressive. Composers used more dissonance and chromatics in their works to help reinforce the idea of the original or the strange. They expanded the classical music structure to lengthen the music, as they wanted more time to express the particular emotion of a given piece. New terms, such as Dolce (sweet), Cantabile (sinful), and Con More (with love) were used to emphasize these emotions.During the Classical Period, the most important genre of orchestral music was the symphony, whereas in the Romantic Period, focus was less on homophones and more on the new genres of the period, such as the symphonic poem, the choral symphony, and works for solo voice and orchestra. Music during the Romantic Period was commonly written in one of three forms popular in the period. The first of which is called strophic form. This is characterized by one formal section, repeated in every stanza. Strophic form is still used in present day, in the twelve bar blues, for example.In contrast with strophic form, through- composed form is one in which the music proceeds from beginning to end, without repetition. It is used to tell a story, therefore, the music progresses, changing wrought the piece according to the text. The third form is a combination of strophic form and through-composed form, called modified strophic form. This form features elements of both. It repeats certain melodies or harmonies, but at some point new material is introduced. There were many new genres of music during the Romantic Period.One of the accompaniment. Many of the famous lied were based on romantic poetry. There Nerve three types of poetry written the Romantic Period. One is the lyric poem, Inch is simply a poem that reflects on a particular feeling or viewpoint. Second, the aromatic poem, which differs in that it involves multiple characters. The third type is the balladic poem, which involves a narration of events. Another new genre of Romanticism was the song cycle. This consisted of multiple songs containing a common theme or text.Ludwig Von Beethoven introduced the idea of elderberries, which is a song cycle presented in a particular order. It was common for each song in the song cycle to be performed by a different singer. The piano was very popular among professional and amateur musicians during this period. Parlor songs were a type of popular piano music. They were usually Improvisational ballads in strophic form, but with a verse-refrain structure, and a prelude and postlude. Short lyric piano pieces like interludes, waltzes, and mazurka Nerve also popular.An important central theme in romantic art is the idea of nationalism. There were three ways a composer could express nationalism in his work. One way is to base the music on the traditional songs and dances of a particular people. Another is to base the music on folklore or peasant life. A third way to incorporate nationalism into music is to write about the history of a country or the deeds of a national hero. This Nas often demonstrated in romantic opera. Commonly, the libretto, or the text of an opera in the Romantic Period would be a folktale, historical epic, or political statement.Operas written during this time period make up the majority of operas that are performed today. These ideas of Romanticism have greatly affected my own perception of art and music. Many of the fundamental musical concepts that originated and developed during the Romantic Period are still being used in music today. Most of todays music continues to emphasize Romanticisms major characteristics of emotion and fantasy. He use of apotheosis is still very common in all genres. The idea that music should be interpreted and understood is what drives popular music today.Strophic form is commonly used in folk and blues music, and most popular music today consists of a Jeers-refrain form similar to a strophic or modified strophic pattern. As a pianist, I come in frequent contact with many styles of piano music developed during the Romantic Period, such as parlor music and short lyric piano pieces like preludes. It is very common for music today to have a patriotic element. All over the world, nationalism plays a large role in popular music. People from a particular country can identify with music that exhibits a nationalistic quality.For example, it is seen frequently in country music of the United States today. Romanticism has set an example for all future art forms about the importance of originality and emotion. It demonstrated the relevance of inspiration to producing an art with feeling. The concepts of the Romantic Period brought about a new level of chromatics and a new level of virtuosity in music. The music I hear and play today Mould not be what it is without these advancements influenced by the fundamental Ideas of Romanticism.

3 Reasons Trucking is on the Rise

3 Reasons Trucking is on the Rise Have you ever seen those commercials on TV for tractor-trailer training schools? They always make professional truck driving look fun and fulfilling: keep on trucking through this great land of ours, and make a living doing it. Sounds pretty appealing, right? Well, it turns out that it just may be the career (or career change) for you and here are 3 reasons why. 1. It’s BoomingAccording to Federal Travel Regulation (FTR) research, the professional truck driving industry is on a serious upswing right now. The FTR tracks growth and aggregates positive (or negative) characteristics like pay, demand, and growth in an industry. For 2014 (and 2015 so far), trucking has grown greatly in all of those areas. Especially in demand, which means that new drivers would be entering the field at a great time.2. It’s ProfitableAs demand for professional drivers goes up, so does the rate of pay and number of jobs available for drivers. Most carriers are able to get rising rates for their drivers, building on a strong 2014. The FTR’s high rating of the trucking field shows that pay, benefits, and stability are likely to continue on that positive path for the time being.3. It’s Getting Better All the TimeWith customer-driven commerce growing all the time, the trucking industry needs to keep up with the demand for drivers and offer a good amount of benefits and stability to get those drivers on the road. That the trucking industry has experienced so much growth in the past two years makes it a good entry point for new drivers. The FTR expects this trend to continue, on pace with 2014’s numbers.So what do you think? Are you ready to hop in the cab and hit the road?Read More at www.roadmaster.com

Telecommuting at IBM Indiana Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Telecommuting at IBM Indiana - Essay Example It was in the 19702 that the company enjoyed about 70% of the computer market share. The reputation that the company name was tagged with gave the company trusted reputation. Half of the company’s business volume was spread out worldwide. It was in the mid-1980s, however, that the company started to have problems. The profits of the company had started to plunge down. Analysts concluded that the reasons behind the downfall were not many but were strong enough to shaken an established company. They were: the bureaucratic and slow moving setup of the company, maintenance of old business strategies and reluctance to replace them with newer ones, incorrect assessment of business risks. As said by Ducker (1993), it is a business sin to sacrifice tomorrow’s opportunity on the altar of yesterday. This was precisely the reason why IBM got off-track its road to success. Though IBM did try to cope up with the growing trends of the market by introducing a PC in the market almost o vernight after Apple introduced the first PC in the mid-1970s but they could actually never get out of the MAINFRAME mask that they had put on themselves. Then the time came when IBM was being administered by JOHN AKERS who was a career IBMer in the ear 1985. Since the downfall of the company had already begun several steps were being taken by the administered in order to downsize the company. A summary of the downsizing of the company can be viewed in the attached table. Table 1: The IBM Timeline from 1970 to 1994. YEARS PROGRESS AT IBM. 1970s IBM owns about 70% of the computer market share. 1980s IBM continues to grow but at a slower rate. 1985 Profit margins begin to slip. 1985 – 1993 Downsizing resulted in employee number moving from 405,000 to 300,000. 1987 – 1992 Stocks dropped from $176 to $ 49. 1991-1992 Unprecedented losses. 1994 Employee number decreases to 225,000. The administered however resigned in the year when despite all his efforts the company continu ed to lose stocks and suffered major losses in year 1992.Louis V. Gerstner then replaced the former head of the company. Further downsizing of employees was then consented upon by the management of the company. THE PROPOSAL The establishment of the company’s office in the state of Indiana was an evident example of the problem the company was facing overall. The Indiana office reduced its number of employees to about 30% in the year 1992. The General Manager Operation s for the State of Indiana was foreseeing another cut in the number of employees. This step was extremely unaffordable as any further cut in the number of employees could have resulted in the deletion of key essential employees of the company that were required to run it. This could have put the company into further trouble. An alternative idea was proposed by the then operations manager of IBM Indiana Office in the year 1993. He proposed that instead of reducing the number of personnel working at the organizatio n furthermore the employees should be equipped with technological devices to assist them. This would in turn enable the employees to be able to work from home. The terminology commonly coined for such a task is Telecommuting. TELECOMMUTING While all the other offices of the IBM were trying their hands at downsizing the people at Indiana were eager to try something new. The first person to take up this change was none other than the executive Vice President of the Indiana Operations himself. It was decided that employees who spent more than half of their

Christianity Essays Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Christianity Essays - Essay Example d that is to proclaim God’s abounding love for His people and how He placed Himself at the center point of Israelites’ struggles to bring them to deliverance. The Gospel of John supports its claim by showcasing Jesus’ relation with David and the actual prophesies of the prophets from the past, telling that the coming Messiah is the one who belongs in the house of David. In the scripture, God promised to David that He would never break his covenant with Him. Thus, the human existence of Jesus as God is the fulfillment of this eternal promise. The Gospel of Matthew is making its claim to the Jews, who are people who believe the idea that there is only one God, the one Who delivered them from the hands of their enemies like the Philistines. Just like David, Jesus is the appointed Messiah who will comfort and bring deliverance to the Israelites from the Roman Empire. Although the battle would not include weapons just as how David did it from the past, Jesus’ way of fighting against the oppression was through his teachings about God’s enduring values and principles, which are supposed to bring the people to their victory. Absolute power and authority are what John is trying to put in the name of Jesus in his writings. This is to justify his claim that Jesus is God. John is trying to emphasize that one should have a strong doctrine of believing that God’s ultimate characteristics and Jesus’ are one. John is appealing his claim to those believers who strongly placed absolute power and authority in the word of God, as John himself claims that God and His Word are one and the Word is Jesus made flesh and dwelt among us. However, just like Matthew, John’s ultimate purpose of sharing the Gospel is to proclaim that Jesus is to deliver us from our sins for us to receive eternal life. Nowadays, because of the sins those describe in the Bible, many people are unable to experience the joy or the life God wants His people to experience. Just like the Israelites

Data Warehousing Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Data Warehousing - Research Paper Example In recent times, significant transformation can be observed in the record keeping system of the businesses. Business organizations in the contemporary environment are less concerned about keeping transactional records through journals rather these organizations can be seen to prefer the use of computer and several business applications in order to perform their operations utmost accuracy. Similarly, it has been also noticed that most of the business firms prefers to use data warehouse in order to perform business operation quickly and accurately. Apart from this, it has been also observed that data warehouse is database system where integrated information needs to gather in order to perform various imperative tasks within the business domain. Furthermore, it has been observed that warehouse data can be accessed without entering the information source and inaccessible data sources can be availed through the help of warehouse data. Thus, it can be asserted that warehouse data has offer ed significant opportunity of performing several operations related with database management (Foshay et al., 2007). In this paper, the aim is to highlight the benefits and importance of data warehouse. Apart from this, the study will also explore the units of measurement, which are used in data storage system. Moreover, the discussion will also critically analyze the benefits of data warehouse in detail. According to Hwang & Xu (2008), data warehouse is a database system which has provided several benefits to the individuals and organizations. According to observation, it has been ascertained that data warehouse has usually offered information for its user to perform their task or fulfill requirements more efficiently and effective manner. Apart from this, it has been also perceived that data warehouse can improve the level of productivity for the individuals through saving times.

The Local Economic Impact From Mega Events Tourism Essay

The Local Economic Impact From Mega Events Tourism Essay In this section, the researcher will present the reason for the selection of this topic. An introduction about mega sporting events, the research questions, its aims and objectives, the literature review, theoretical rationale, methodology, its limitations and followed by a short summary will be written in this proposal. As the researcher in writing is much more familiar with the Singapore economy, the research would be based on the local market, which would be the Singapore Formula One Grand Prix. Roche (2000) describes mega-sporting events as large-scale cultural (including commercial and sporting) events which have a dramatic character, mass popular appeal and international significance. They are typically organised by variable combination of national governmental and international non-governmental organisations. This describes that such events should attract viewers and media representatives from all over the world and that the host city or nation should experience alterations to the regular cycle of events. The hosting of sport events in particular has showed a number of potential benefits. Potential benefits such as investments, advertising, tax generation, revenue generation, enhanced community image, job creation, positive spiritual earnings, health and fitness, promotion of sport, creating local amusement, creation of new infrastructure, improvement community pride, urban redevelopment, increased tourist flow, according to Daniels and Norman (2003), and Kim et al. (1998). Research Question This research explains how mega-events like Singapore Formula One Grand Prix affects the local economic impact and the strategies adopted. The research is classified under the following question where in this report; the researchers effort will be concentrated on giving insights on this research question. How do managers use strategic analysis tools on a mega-event such as F1? Aims and Objectives The aim of this research is to discuss the impact of strategic analysis tools used on mega-events, on how events such as Formula One is marketed to the beneficial of Singapores local economy. Thus, the researcher will be aiming to attain the following objectives: To identify the different strategic analysis tools used for economic impacts. To develop an understanding on how these strategic analysis tools are placed on to mega-events. To discover the influences from strategic analysis tools on mega-events such as Formula One. To examine the effectiveness of the strategic analysis tools impact on Formula One. Literature Review Mega-events such as Formula One have the ability to attract large numbers of visitors and their expenditure, which is often sought after by local tourism agencies because of their actual potential to contributing to tourism marketing and development. An important fundamental that government bodies put forward to hosting a mega-sports event is the perceived economic benefits that the event creates (Porter, 1999). It is usually claim that mega-events, such as the Formula One Grand Prix, give an incentive to business resulting in economic benefits generated which are greater than the costs, including public funding, from hosting the event. Sports entrepreneurs or government bodies typically engage consulting agencies to outline an economic impact report (Johnson and Sack, 1996). Regardless of the mega-sports event, such reports from consulting agencies normally claim a huge positive economical impact. However, there are a lot of criticisms in the academic literature on the effectiveness of these economic impact analyses. Matheson (2002; 2006) points out that many (event-sponsored) studies overstate the economic impact on local communities and Porter (1999) states that the envisioned benefits of public spending never occur. This explains that the future prospects of hosting such mega-events are worse off for developing countries and the opportunity cost of providing up-to-date facilities are greater and the need of modern infrastructure required poses a major further investment. 4.1 Impact of Events Mega events can help re-prioritise urban agendas, create post event usage debates, often stimulate urban redevelopment, and are instruments of boosterish ideologies promoting economic growth (Hiller, 2003, p. 449). Thus, these offer an extensive range of potential positive and negative impacts for host destinations and are both short- and long-term. Even though now there is significant competition between destinations, there is still significant gaps between the experience of mega-events in developing and advanced societies, between economic and non-economic outcomes. Mega-events should be part of a long-term developing and marketing plan. The hosting of mega-event can play a critical role in marketing or branding a host destination and be part of a long-term development or positioning strategy. It is important for the marketing opportunity sought from hosting a mega-event to be seen as part of a longer term strategic marketing plan for the destination as opposed to a one-off marketing event (Jago, Dwyer, Lipman, Vorster, 2010, p.231). If a host destination has a development plan in place, the hosting of a mega-event can perform as a catalyst to bringing forward future development opportunities. In this case, this often brings in merit in creating an on-going suite of events that utilises the infrastructure built for the mega-event and enhance the reputation and profile of the host destination over time. In order to formulate a plan for both short- and long-term event outcomes, the organizing committee must consider various event leveraging strategies to be adopted. (OBrien and Chalip, 2007). The leveraging perception is implicated with planning ahead of the event so that a host city can improve and maximize positive impacts such as increased business, tourism and social aspects and benefits Chalip (2004, p. 245) explains that a strategic management process must be formed and implemented in order to properly leverage the opportunities from hosting an event. Strategic analysis tools such as SWOT analysis, PEST analysis, Porters Five Forces analysis and Value Chain analysis are appropriate for the evaluation of event leveraging or marketing strategies. The following section will examine what the natures of the said four analysis tools entails and how it is applied to a strategic management process for the organization to host mega-events. 4.2 SWOT Analysis SWOT analysis is whereby an approach to analyze the aspects of the external environment, in order to identify and establish the most attractive or suitable course of action in terms of strategic decisions to be used. In the sport context, Shank (2009) found that the strengths and weaknesses are manageable elements within the establishment (in this case a host city) that may influence the objectives of the strategic management process. In this case, conducting a SWOT analysis is deemed helpful for host destinations as it can provide event organizers to recognize how the strengths of their country or city can be matched with opportunities that exist in the environment, and useful insights to leverage the benefits of the event. A brief example of a SWOT analysis on Singapore Formula One Grand Prix can be seen in Figure 1. C:UsersNoWaKiDesktopSWOT table.png Figure1 4.3 PEST Analysis PEST analysis is a useful strategic tool for understanding market growth or decline, business position, potential and direction for operations (Roumboutsos, Chiara, 2010). It understands the political, economic, socio-cultural and technological of the business environment and event managers can use PEST to scan the environment and adjust their plans to minimize threats and capitalize on opportunities. In the context of Singapores Formula One, brief examples of PEST analysis can be seen as: Political Seen as a Public Private Partnership (PPP) between the public and private sectors. Economic A stable and growing economy, translating to high consumer confidence and increase in spending Social Lack of racing events in Singapore, thus the idea of Formula One will be well received by the society. Technology Singapore ranked 2nd place of World Class IT Infrastructure by the World Economic Forum in 2011. 4.4 Porters Five Forces Analysis Porters (1980) five forces framework models the five most significant competitive rivalry forces in an industry in order to determine that industrys profitability. This serves as a proxy for the magnetism of the industry for potential entrants and determines the industries profitability. The five forces are: rivalry between competitors in the industry, bargaining power of suppliers, bargaining power of consumers, barriers to entry and threat of substitutes. Thus, in the case of Singapore Formula One, examples can be seen in Figure 2. C:UsersNoWaKiDesktopUntitled.png Figure 2 4.5 Value Chain Analysis Value Chain analysis defines each activity that takes place in a business organization and relates them to an analysis of the competitiveness in the environment.  It is based on the principal that firms (or events) exist to create value for their customers and helps to identify new business opportunities. The value chain analysis includes a couple of significant theoretical distinctions, one being between primary and support activities (Porter, 1985). Primary activities create value for the customer, whereas support activities support primary activities and indirectly affect customer value. Competitive advantage involves signification and interpretation on the activity cost behavior drivers and differentiation generated by those activities. Product differentiation in turn effects what customers are willing to pay for the firms products, thus depending on the activity cost drivers leading to the end product. A simplified table used on Formula One can be seen in Figure 3. C:UsersBenjamin PhoonDesktopUntitled.png Figure 3 Theoretical Rationale Leveraging mega-events such as the Formula One can offer incentives and benefits to a host destination, relating to cultural insights, development of collaborations and improved organizational networks (Kellet et al., 2008). In order to successfully leverage the event, strategic analysis tools such as SWOT, PEST, Porters Five Forces and Value Chain Analysis associated with hosting the event can provide valuable knowledge to host destinations. Analysis of weaknesses in the operating environment, such as economic stability and political support (Shank, 2009) can also offer valuable insights for event managers and tourism providers to plan on how the host destination can reap the benefits from the sport event (OBrien and Chalip, 2007). However, mega-events can lead to an entryway to under-utilized infrastructure and debts. Jones (2001) argues that the justifications in the use of public funds are based on the economic benefits that are often overstated. The case of Montreal 1976, where they experienced a tremendous debt after hosting an event, which cost the country and its residents over CAD$2 billion in capital and interest cost (Whitson and Horne, 2006). Therefore, the selection of Strategic Choice Theory and Stakeholder Theory would be appropriate for this rationale. Stakeholder theory (Freeman, 1984) focuses the organizations efforts on developing a firm that has to deal with a multitude constituent groups other than customers and shareholders. Stakeholders groups represented are both legitimate and powerful, thus this approach seeks to widen the vision of a marketing manager, of his/her duties, rather than just being profit and customer oriented (Mitchell et al., 1997). Stakeholders are distinguished into two categories primary and secondary. Managing both primary and secondary stakeholder relationships is critical and essential for the marketing organization in achieving marketing objectives. Strategic analysis theory contends that marketing managers plays an exceptional role in a marketing firms success or failure in the market, with other factors such as product development and market repositioning efforts (Child, 1972). Strategic decisions made by managers are often made with careful considerations for the marketing firm as the primary driver, where they are able to adopt a specific type of strategy that fits their main marketing competencies. Strategic choices geared to the accomplishment of achievable strategic objectives are more likely to be effective through an open managerial decision- making process (Harrison and Pelletier, 1998). With the inter-relationship between stakeholder and strategic choice theory, stakeholders (e.g., customers, media, and shareholders) will have an influence and affect on marketing managers strategic decision making on the nature of the situation (Jawahar and Mclaughlin, 2001). A clear role of stakeholders is that they can provide necessary and vital information and if well captured by marketing firms, would lead to better organizational performance in decision making (Mori, 2010). A simple model of the process of decision making can be seen in Figure 4. C:UsersBenjamin PhoonDesktopUntitled.png Figure 4 Managers would use strategic analysis tools to measure the strengths and opportunities from stakeholders to hosting a mega-event, in this case, Formula One in Singapore and make strategic choices within constraints. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the impact of what can be classed as a major sporting event of international recognition and its implications from the perspectives of government officials, private businesses and local residents. Furthermore, sports events research has lacked exploratory findings to qualitatively examine how it impacts on the local economy. Hence, the following research will utilize a qualitative approach to begin developing an understanding of how mega-events such as Formula One would impact on the local economy using strategic analysis tools. This research will offer a basis for future qualitative research and provide relevant information to future researchers studying strategic analysis tools to evaluate and identify data relevant to strategy formulation mainly on mega-events. Research Methods The researcher will undertake a case-study and secondary data approach. This study will only be analyzed by a qualitative approach and thus, the researcher will conduct a case study based on qualitative findings. Qualitative research focuses on the gathering of more richer and in-depth data from other smaller samples (Kent, 1999). Case Study According to Yin (1984), case study research method is defined as an empirical inquiry that explores a contemporary phenomenon and the real-life context in which it occurred; when the boundaries between phenomenon and context are not clearly palpable; and in which several sources of evidence are used. The approach of a qualitative case study is to research and assists examination of an occurrence within its context and to compare using a wide range of data sources for research validity (M. Dooley, 2002). This will ensure that the focus is not explored through a single view, but a variety of views which allows for various facets of the event to be exposed and understood (Baxter Jack, 2008). Secondary Data Secondary sources will be mainly used to collect and utilized to gather qualitative data related with this research. This is especially helpful as the researcher lives in Singapore and could not acquire data of market situations from other countries holding mega-events such as Formula One. In this case, different research reports, books, electronic journals and web portals will be accessed to gather information from these sources to conduct the study of the available secondary data. Data Analysis Firstly, after collating data from secondary sources and case studies, the researcher will read and transcribed all collected data to get a general sense as a whole and ideas presented. It is crucial to take into consideration the value of the data before analysing as it may not be significant to the research. Next, the researcher will identify areas to be covered and what is to be achieved based on the aims and objectives of the research by focusing on the analysis. In this case, the researcher can focus on the analysis by comparing the data collected from various case studies and secondary sources in a qualitative perspective, in which theoretical statements and causal relationships are clearly developed from and grounded in the phenomena studied (Cumberbatch, 2004). Thus, this leads to the use of Grounded Theory where it provides a mix of flexibility and structure with unambiguous guidelines, where the researcher will adopt the usage of coding. Coding is a method of constant comparison which led to the founding of Grounded Theory on the conceptualisation of data (Jones, Keifilik and Zanko, 2005). There are three steps of coding in analysing data collected. Opening coding is about understanding and to have a constant comparison of data collected that would be fractured into conceptual codes. In this case regarding to case study methodology, the researcher may categorise factors of economic impacts from mega-events into codes such as social, environmental, strengths, benefits, etc. The next step after data has been fractured, axial coding would be used. It is the process of exploring new relationships among the data and to discover any connections between them (Warburton, 2012). The final step would be selective coding, whereby it involves picking of certain codes to construct and integrate them with the listed categories in the axial coding model as part of the approach to developing a grounded theory (Strauss and Cobin, 1998). Limitations One of the main limitations is that an independent empirical process research is not being employed due to restrictions of organizations being reluctant to provide accurate data as some sports that host mega-events are naturally secretive. F1 is heavily technologically driven; therefore the release of information is seen as a pejorative to the sport. Reliance can only be placed upon the accuracy of data provided from external sources such as case studies and mainly secondary data. However, this issue will be minimized through the approach of identifying as many different reports as possible and cross-referencing them. Timeline The Gantt chart in the appendix section will be showing the estimated time needed for each process up till the submission of the dissertation itself. Conclusion In conclusion, the researcher will use a qualitative research methodology to have a better understanding and insight of the local economic impact of mega-events, using Formula One as the key event to the research. With the study on strategic analysis tools, the researcher will be able to find out how marketing managers analyse the economic situation and make strategic decisions on for the success of leveraging mega-events. It is also vital that the researcher have an open mind without any biasness in order to obtain accurate data for the development of grounded theory while conducting this qualitative research. Nevertheless, information acquired for the research will hopefully formalize a grounded theory and to be used as guidance for future researchers and academics studying economic impact from mega-events using analytic tools, to have a better insight and build on in the future for improvement. Appendices C:UsersNoWaKiDesktopUntitled.png Planned Timeline/Gantt Chart of Dissertation

The International Tribunal for the Former Yugoslavia Essay -- Yugoslav

The International Tribunal for the Former Yugoslavia     On May 25, 1993, U.N. Security Council Resolution 827 established an international tribunal charged with prosecuting violations of international law arising from the armed conflicts in the former Yugoslavia. Not since the Nuremberg and Tokyo trials, following World War II has an international court tried individuals accused of crimes against humanity, war crimes, and genocide. The International Tribunal for the Former Yugoslavia (ICTFY), which was established at The Hague, Netherlands, is widely seen as an important step toward the deterrence of crimes, the establishment of the firm rule of international law, and the promotion of world peace. Yet, from its inception, the tribunal has generated controversy among supporters and detractors. Among those who believe that the tribunal idea is sound, the principal concerns are that such an institution be established on a sound legal basis, that it adhere to an acceptably high standard of due process, that it administer equal and dispass ionate justice, and that it be perceived by nations and individuals to be legitimate, fair and effective. Unfortunately, the Yugoslavia tribunal has not yet met all these standards--and may never be able to meet all of them in the fullest sense. A discussion of some of the realities that face the ICTFY demonstrates why the task of making the tribunal work is so difficult--and why it is vital that it be accomplished.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  None of the four requirements that the tribunal must meet is easily achieved, and, in some cases, success seems unlikely. Many supporters of international humanitarian law are convinced, however, that, so long as the court does no harm, it must continue to pursue its original goals. This position supports the general idea of the rule of law, without reference to the circumstances. Ordinarily, of course, justice is supposed to be above the particularities of any case. Yet the nature of the circumstances in the case of the former Yugoslavia may undermine the ICTFY's credibility and render it ineffective in obtaining justice and promoting the concept of international humanitarian law. Justice must be predicated on detachment and impartiality. But the ICTFY is essentially a first attempt at administering such justice, and the peculiarities of the test case have to be kept from contaminating the process.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The... ...via and International Law." East European Constitutional Review 5, no. 4 (1996): 75-79. Dimitrijevic, Vojin. "The War Crimes Tribunal in the Yugoslav Context." East European Constitutional Review 5, no. 4 (1996): 85-92. Dworkin, Anthony. "The World in Judgement." Index on Censorship 5 (1996): 137-144. Guest, Iain. "The International Criminal Tribunal for the Former Yugoslavia: A Preliminary Assessment." In Implementation of the Helsinki Accords: The War Crimes Trials for the Former Yugoslavia: Prospects and Problems, briefing of the Commission on Security and Cooperation in Europe, Washington D. C., May 28 1996, 75-84. Washington, D. C.: Commission on Security and Cooperation in Europe, 1996. Niarchos, Catherine N. "Women, War, and Rape: Challenges Facing the International Tribunal for the Former Yugoslavia." Human Rights Quarterly 17 (1995): 649-690. Teitel, Ruti. "Judgment at The Hague." East European Constitutional Review 5, no. 4 (1996): 80-85. Thornberry, Cedric. "Saving the War Crimes Tribunal." Foreign Policy no. 104 (Fall 1996): 72-85. Walsh, Brian. "Resolving the Human Rights Violations of a Previous Regime." World Affairs 158 (Winter 1996): 111-121.

How Are the Elements of Realism Used to Present Believable

How are the elements of realism used to present believable characters to the audience? â€Å"If you know your character's thoughts, the proper vocal and bodily expressions will naturally follow† said by the creator of realist theatre Constantine Stanislavski, is used heavily in the assistance to the portrayal and understanding of the characters in Ray Lawler’s ‘Summer of the Seventeenth Doll’. Actors and actresses can achieve great heights with the depiction of the characters through Lawler’s use of dramatic elements and a constant realist setting and symbolic props. Summer of the Seventeenth Doll’ is a play set in Australia during the 1950’s which was a crucial period in the development of the Australian identity. It was a time of post-war reconstruction and immigration, of materialism, a wool boom, of suburban comfort and conservatism- the first decade since early in the century in which the ordinary Australian had not been hounded by war, depression and drought. It was also a time period in which the sugar cane industry was booming and many workers made their way up to the sugar cane fields in Queensland to harvest the sugar cane and earn a living.This was the occupation of Barney and Roo as they are coming back from their seventeenth year working in the fields as the play begins. Like all realist and naturalist plays, the characters portrayed in ‘Summer of the Seventeenth Doll’ are in a constant state of flux, reflecting human actions within the cultural milieu of 1950’s Australia, attempting to present perspectives on ‘truth’ in such a way that the Australian culture can digest that ‘truth’ as they desperately struggle to hold on to the adopted traditions that regularly take place within the lay-off season.Lawler effectively uses symbolism to distinctly highlight the characters ongoing futile attempts to hold on to their various illusions, through the accidental s mashing of the vase containing the seventeenth doll, and as the play progresses their flaws unfold. Olive and her perception of the lay-off season becomes her flaw as she considers this a time in which she can thoroughly enjoy herself in the company of men without the fear of commitment and the pressures of a family. She made a mistake’ is replied by Olive after Pearl had said, ‘Didn’t seem to stop her from getting married’, as Olive shows her unwillingness to be within wedlock. ‘Compared to all the marriages I know, what i got is †¦ is five months of heaven every year’ as Olive further reinforces her unchanging views of marriage. Also the men have their flaws through their pride and masculinity suffering a severe beating. Roo, the silly cow, strains his back’ is told by Barney to Olive of Roo’s horrid year in the fields then continues on to say ‘Instead of pointin’ out he had a bad back, he puts himself to work by this Dowd – gonna show him up, see’ further accentuating his grip on his pride and masculinity. However Roo and Barney engage into a heated argument which eventuates into the smashing of the vase which contained the seventeenth doll. ‘The big man rips it from his hands and throws it away into the centre of the room, smashing the vase and scattering the dolls’.At this high point of tension the audience feels shocked as the vase and the dolls had symbolised the great joy that the lay-off season is supposed to bring. ‘There is a sudden silence. Olive sinks to her knees and picks up the seventeenth doll, hold it close’ the absence of dialogue is extremely effective as the audience can feel the raw emotions of Olive as the smashed vase symbolises her hopes of the lay-off season being shattered into pieces. Through slow and accentuated movements the audiences can easily understand the significance of the doll to Olive therefore deeply sympathise with her character.Furthermore the shattering of the vase is again symbolic for Roo as just before the vase was smashed it was revealed that his back wasn’t sore and that it was jealousy that led him to lie about his back. ‘He never had a bad back’ was exclaimed by Barney moments before the smashing of the vase. This again was highly symbolic of the smashing as the realisation of his fleeting masculinity and the inevitability of his ageing mind and body are finally beginning to sink in, and his true self is revealed to the audience.Also, considering the play was set in the 1950’s of Australia, the people of Australia had their own unique way of the pronunciation of words and had adopted a very colloquial styled language. Lawler had taken this firmly into account as he consolidated this type of language into the play. ‘†¦ the regulars'd stand aside to let 'em through, just as if they was a – a coupla kings’ was said by Olive as she described Barney and Roo. Again, Olive says ‘these are a coupla sugarcane cutters’.This exemplifies an ordinary, raw and realistic representation of Australian culture and life in the 1950’s which is especially evident through the word â€Å"coupla. † In pairs we worked to together to workshop a scene between Olive and Pearl which involved us changing our tone of voice to suite the 1950's Australian language. ‘Well I dunno what it's gunna be like livin' here' was a line that I said as I had played Pearl and using the words â€Å"dunno†, â€Å"gunna† and â€Å"livin† really assisted me in believing in my role and my character.When we performed or dramatic reading in front of the class the authenticity of a 1950's Australian was shown through the alterations in our tone of voice as it became laid back in the not climactic beats of the scene and our accents deepened and again our tone of voice altered in the high points of tension, ‘Here, sit down and shut up if you can't talk sense. ‘ In class we worked together to create a scene through our dramatic reading that lead me play Roo in the scene where Barney smashes the vase containing the seventeenth doll.The lines that were read were as follows: Roo: No, I think that’s up to you [he charges across at Barney, pushing Olive out of the way. He savagely whips Barney’s arm behind his back, and forces him to his knees, facing the women] It's your lie – you tell'em! Barney: [his face contorted with pain]Aah – cut it out. Roo: [increasing the pressure] tell’em Barney: [gasping] he never had a bad back. At the high point in tension where I (Roo) charged over at Barney and grabbed his arm and whipped it behind his back I used fast explosive movements to convey to the audience the frustration and anger felt by Roo.I forced Barney to his knees in order to show the levels between the characters so that Roo was the more domina nt figure, and when Barney was to reveal the secret to the women, he would've had to comprehend extreme guilt whilst feeling lower and belittled towards everyone else. ‘His face contorted with pain', the person playing Barney reacted to the arm whipping feeling very subdued with dynamic facial expressions to compliment the pain he must have felt.As I ‘increased the pressure' and forcefully exclaimed â€Å"tell'em†, all of my movements were extremely tense as I created this enticing moment for the audience and the characters. The person playing Barney ‘gasped' and revealed the enticing situation and said ‘he never had a bad back'. The characters and audience were left stunned at this revelation and, the tone, movements and facial expressions used within those beats and units had created strong dramatic meaning as the audience was gripped onto hat would happen next. The concept of dramatic realism operates within Summer of the Seventeenth Doll through as pects such as the use of slang, language, set, costume approximates real life, natural language rhythms, relevance to society of that era, etc. Summer of the Seventeenth Doll is set in the 1950s, Olive and her black dresses and when she changes it for that night symbolising change and at the end when she changes back to black and symbolising nothing has changed

Free Essays on Water Philosophy

The Fluid of Life, The Fluid of Death†. I believe the number one environmental problem is the increase in the human population, and sustainability and conservation should be our environmental objectives. Water is one of the most common substances in the universe, and our planet is blessed with a fairly large amount of it. As far as having enough on the earth, water is not a problem; the problem lies with having it in the right place at the right time in the right form. This subject I believe to be of the utmost importance and consequently have picked it and the various aspects regarding it to be covered in my personal philosophy paper. If indeed this paper were to be as it is entitled, a personal philosophy pertaining to the environment, then this in my opinion would be the best topic to describe the human interaction with nature. Although there is more then enough water for all of mankind to use, unfortunately 97 percent of the earth’s water is salt water and much of the rest is locked up in ice. Actually out of a hundred percent, if you took out the ninety seven percent for the oceans, then took another two percent for the glacial ice we have stored, less then one percent of that water is suitable for our use. Obtaining an adequate supply of freshwater has therefore been the focus of man’s invention throughout history. Water has been the prize (and William Roberts 2 sometimes the weapon) in conflicts around the world. Whether it is used for cultivation, recreation, or providing a town with life, water is the blood of the earth. Even in the upcoming century, new inventions in trying to find, transport, and conserve fresh water may not be able to support our increasing demand, especially in the developing countries. Problems that different cultures have between need and supply could instigate violence, and stop some of the poorer and underdeveloped countries from ever getting back on track in o... Free Essays on Water Philosophy Free Essays on Water Philosophy The Fluid of Life, The Fluid of Death†. I believe the number one environmental problem is the increase in the human population, and sustainability and conservation should be our environmental objectives. Water is one of the most common substances in the universe, and our planet is blessed with a fairly large amount of it. As far as having enough on the earth, water is not a problem; the problem lies with having it in the right place at the right time in the right form. This subject I believe to be of the utmost importance and consequently have picked it and the various aspects regarding it to be covered in my personal philosophy paper. If indeed this paper were to be as it is entitled, a personal philosophy pertaining to the environment, then this in my opinion would be the best topic to describe the human interaction with nature. Although there is more then enough water for all of mankind to use, unfortunately 97 percent of the earth’s water is salt water and much of the rest is locked up in ice. Actually out of a hundred percent, if you took out the ninety seven percent for the oceans, then took another two percent for the glacial ice we have stored, less then one percent of that water is suitable for our use. Obtaining an adequate supply of freshwater has therefore been the focus of man’s invention throughout history. Water has been the prize (and William Roberts 2 sometimes the weapon) in conflicts around the world. Whether it is used for cultivation, recreation, or providing a town with life, water is the blood of the earth. Even in the upcoming century, new inventions in trying to find, transport, and conserve fresh water may not be able to support our increasing demand, especially in the developing countries. Problems that different cultures have between need and supply could instigate violence, and stop some of the poorer and underdeveloped countries from ever getting back on track in o...

Beauty and Body Image in the Media Essays

Beauty and Body Image in the Media Essays Beauty and Body Image in the Media Essay Beauty and Body Image in the Media Essay Review Of Literature Beauty and Body Image in the Media ( Men ) Review – 1 From the , Journal of Marketing Communication Vol. 11. No. 1. 3-19. March 2005 Idealized images of the male body in advertising: a reader-response exploration BY- RICHARD ELLIOTT CHRISTINE ELLIOTT Warwick Business School. University of Warwick, Coventry. UK. Harris Manchester College University of Oxford. Oxford. UK Introduction : This is a study which particularly focuses on how men are being portrayed in advertisements This study has used an interpretative methodology for exploring mens reactions to the representation of male bodies in advertising, particularly when men are portrayed in a sexual or naked pose and complimented past studies by investigating whether or not men felt that they were being objectified or exploited in advertising in the same manner as critical and feminist literature has suggested in relation to women. The extent to which men felt that the representation of idealized male images in advertising had an adverse effect on their self-image and self-esteem is discussed. Emergent interpretive themes include homophobia, gender stereotyping and the legitimization of the exploitation and use of sexuality in marketing. This study set out to explore the extent to which men may be similarly negatively affected by idealized representation of male bodies and the ways in which they negotiate the meaning of representations and their coping strategies for any emotional disturbance. Representations of the Male Body in Advertising : The researchers have focused on how men are portrayed in advertisements , and they have collected responses from many other researchers . All these researchers have commonly said that , men have become more preoccupied with muscularity because it is still perceived as a cultural symbol of masculinity. Men are developing an Adonis complex and eating disorders after being overexposed to idealized and unattainable male bodies in advertising. Since the I980’s mens bodies have appeared more frequently in advertising, offering a similarly idealized body to that presented to women. An increasing number of advertisements are showing men as sex objects . These researchers have conducted many studies which showed how are men are portrayed in the advertisements . Kolbe and Albanese a researcher has conducted a content analysis of sole male images in mens magazines and found that the majority of the bodies in advertising were not ordinary, but those of strong and hard male icons . His study says that men were usually represented in an objectified and depersonalized manner in advertising. Pope et al another undertook a study of male body obsession and found that advertisements for everything from cars to underwear were using body-builder images with washboard abdominal muscles, massive chests. nd inflated shoulder’s. a combination of muscularity and leanness probably achievable only by drugs. A study by Patterson another researcher also identified a relatively uniform depiction of male bodies within lifestyle magazines, where the audience was routinely presented with mesomorphic (strong, muscular and hard) male bodies that were hyper-masculine in their iconography. The depiction of ectomorphs (thin and lightly muscled) was limited mainly to the advertising of clothing where products may look more attractive on the slimmer, taller man. Endomorphs (soft and round) were rarely used and, where they were, tended to be the object of humour. Moreover, Patterson and England (2000) indicated that representations of male bodies were often used irrespective of whether they were relevant to the product category being advertised. Mens Responses to Representations of the Male Body : Researchers Kimmel and Tissier-Desbordes had conducted a study with 30 French men in order to determine whether brands and consumption played an important part in their lives. The study has suggested that men were uncomfortable with products that presented men as feminine. Their study explored mens relations to products and masculinity in general, but was not related to body image and provided only limited insight into mens reactions to advertisements. To date then, very little is known about how men react emotionally to the portrayal of male bodies in advertising. There is a suggestion that some of the men in the study by Researchers Kimmel and Tissier-Desbordes demonstrated a fear of admitting a feminine side to their self-image . Methodology of the research : In order to do a study of portrayal of men in advertising these researches have done this research with Two main research questions 1. How do young men respond to the representation of male bodies in advertising, particularly when men are portrayed in a sexual or naked pose? 2. How do young men negotiate the sexual meaning of advertising images in a social setting? setting? One-one interview They researchers had conducted this one to one interview because, they have said that the one-to-one in terviews would allow trust to be established and allow the exploration of underlying motivations, beliefs, attitudes and feelings . The researches had conducted twelve in-depth interviews, which ranged from 40 minutes to 2 hours in length. The ages of the respondents varied from 18 to 31 years, with the majority of respondents being in their early twenties. The interviews were audio-laped and transcribed for analysis. The researches had also collected 25 advertisements from major mens lifestyle magazines five advertisements were chosen as stimulus material so as to allow the examination of responses to different advertisements and different body types. Focus groups The focus groups were used for studying whether the male respondents would alter their responses to the advertisements when in a peer group environment. The number of participants in the focus groups varied from five to eight men with the same age spread as in the individual interviews. Conclusion: This study was based on men’s portrayal in advertisement . Many researchers have given their views in this regard which gives a much detailed informa tion of how men are portrayed in the advertisements.